PhysicalConstants class
Fundamental physical constants with their respective units.
All constants are based on the 2018 CODATA recommended values and are defined as immutable static constants with appropriate Quantity types for type safety.
References:
- CODATA 2018: https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/
- NIST Reference on Constants: https://www.nist.gov/pml/fundamental-physical-constants
Properties
- hashCode → int
-
The hash code for this object.
no setterinherited
- runtimeType → Type
-
A representation of the runtime type of the object.
no setterinherited
Methods
-
noSuchMethod(
Invocation invocation) → dynamic -
Invoked when a nonexistent method or property is accessed.
inherited
-
toString(
) → String -
A string representation of this object.
inherited
Operators
-
operator ==(
Object other) → bool -
The equality operator.
inherited
Static Methods
-
deBroglieWavelength(
Mass mass, double velocityMeterPerSecond) → Length - Calculates the de Broglie wavelength of a particle with a given Mass and velocity.
-
gravitationalForce(
Mass mass1, Mass mass2, Length distance) → Force - Calculates the gravitational force between two masses at a given distance.
-
lightSpeedDistance(
Time time) → Length - Calculates the distance light travels in a given Time.
-
massEnergyEquivalence(
Mass mass) → Energy - Calculates the energy equivalent of a Mass using E = mc².
-
photonEnergy(
Length wavelength) → Energy - Calculates the energy of a photon from its wavelength using E = hc/λ.
-
thermalEnergy(
Temperature temperature) → Energy - Calculates the thermal energy of a system at a given Temperature using E = kT.
Constants
- alphaParticleMass → const Mass
- Alpha particle mass. The mass of the nucleus of a helium-4 atom, consisting of two protons and two neutrons. Value: 6.6446573357×10⁻²⁷ kg. Source: CODATA 2018.
- atomicMassConstant → const Mass
- Atomic mass constant (mᵤ = 1 u). Value: 1.66053906660×10⁻²⁷ kg.
- avogadroConstant → const double
- Avogadro constant (Nₐ). Value: 6.02214076×10²³ mol⁻¹.
- bohrMagneton → const double
-
Bohr magneton (μB).
Value: 9.2740100783×10⁻²⁴ J/T.
The magnetic moment of an electron caused by its orbital or spin angular momentum.
Source: CODATA 2018.
Note: This is a double as a
EnergyPerMagneticFluxDensity
quantity is not yet implemented. - bohrRadius → const Length
- Bohr radius (a₀). Value: 5.29177210903×10⁻¹¹ m.
- boltzmannConstant → const double
- Boltzmann constant (k). Value: 1.380649×10⁻²³ J/K.
- classicalElectronRadius → const Length
- Classical electron radius (rₑ). Value: 2.8179403262×10⁻¹⁵ m.
- deuteronMass → const Mass
- Deuteron mass. The mass of the nucleus of a deuterium atom, consisting of one proton and one neutron. Value: 3.3435837724×10⁻²⁷ kg. Source: CODATA 2018.
- electronChargeToMassRatio → const double
- Electron charge-to-mass ratio (e/mₑ). Value: 1.75882001076×10¹¹ C/kg.
- electronComptonWavelength → const Length
- Compton wavelength of electron (λC). Value: 2.42631023867×10⁻¹² m.
- electronMass → const Mass
- Electron mass (mₑ). Value: 9.1093837015×10⁻³¹ kg.
- electronRestEnergy → const Energy
- Rest energy of an electron (mₑc²) as an Energy quantity. Value: 8.1871057769×10⁻¹⁴ J.
- electronVolt → const Energy
- Electron volt (eV) as an Energy quantity. Value: 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹ J.
- elementaryCharge → const ElectricCharge
- The elementary charge (e) as an ElectricCharge quantity. Value: 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹ C.
- faradayConstant → const double
-
Faraday constant (F = Nₐ × e).
Value: 96485.33212 C/mol.
Represents the electric charge per mole of elementary charges.
Source: CODATA 2018.
Note: This is a double as a
ChargePerMole
quantity is not yet implemented. - fineStructureConstant → const double
- Fine-structure constant (α). Value: 7.2973525693×10⁻³.
- firstRadiationConstant → const double
- First radiation constant (c₁). Value: 3.741771852×10⁻¹⁶ W⋅m².
- gasConstant → const double
- Gas constant (R = Nₐ × k). Value: 8.314462618 J/(mol⋅K).
- gravitationalConstant → const double
- Gravitational constant (G). Value: 6.67430×10⁻¹¹ m³/(kg⋅s²).
- neutronMass → const Mass
- Neutron mass (mₙ). Value: 1.67492749804×10⁻²⁷ kg.
- nuclearMagneton → const double
-
Nuclear magneton (μN).
Value: 5.0507837461×10⁻²⁷ J/T.
A physical constant of magnetic moment for heavy particles like nucleons.
Source: CODATA 2018.
Note: This is a double as a
EnergyPerMagneticFluxDensity
quantity is not yet implemented. - planckConstant → const double
- Planck constant (h). Value: 6.62607015×10⁻³⁴ J⋅s.
- protonChargeToMassRatio → const double
- Proton charge-to-mass ratio (e/mₚ). Value: 9.5788331560×10⁷ C/kg.
- protonMass → const Mass
- Proton mass (mₚ). Value: 1.67262192369×10⁻²⁷ kg.
- protonRestEnergy → const Energy
- Rest energy of a proton (mₚc²) as an Energy quantity. Value: 1.50327759787×10⁻¹⁰ J.
- reducedPlanckConstant → const double
- Reduced Planck constant (ℏ = h/2π). Value: 1.054571817×10⁻³⁴ J⋅s.
- rydbergEnergy → const Energy
- Rydberg energy as an Energy quantity. Value: 2.1798723611035×10⁻¹⁸ J.
- secondRadiationConstant → const double
- Second radiation constant (c₂). Value: 1.438776877×10⁻² m⋅K.
- speedOfLight → const Speed
- Speed of light in vacuum (c). Exact value: 299,792,458 m/s.
- stefanBoltzmannConstant → const double
- Stefan-Boltzmann constant (σ). Value: 5.670374419×10⁻⁸ W/(m²⋅K⁴).
- vacuumPermeability → const double
- Vacuum permeability (μ₀). Value: 4π×10⁻⁷ H/m.
- vacuumPermittivity → const double
- Vacuum permittivity (ε₀ = 1/(μ₀c²)). Value: 8.8541878128×10⁻¹² F/m.
- wienDisplacementConstant → const double
- Wien displacement law constant (b). Value: 2.897771955×10⁻³ m⋅K.